ÔõÑùÅжϳý³¾ÂË´üÊÇ·ñÐèÒªÌæ»»
³ý³¾ÂË´üÔÚ¹¤ÒµÉú²úÖÐÊÎÑÝ×ÅÖÁ¹ØÖ÷ÒªµÄ½ÇÉ«£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚ´¦Öóͷ£´ó×ÚÑ̳¾¡¢·Û³¾µÄÀú³ÌÖУ¬Äܹ»ÓÐÓõز¶¼¯¿ÕÆøÖеĿÅÁ£Î±ÜÃâÎÛȾÅÅ·Å¡£Ëæ×ÅʹÓÃʱ¼äµÄÔöÌí£¬ÂË´üµÄÐÔÄÜ»áÖð½¥Ï½µ£¬Òò´ËÊµÊ±Ìæ»»³ý³¾ÂË´ü£¬°ü¹Ü³ý³¾×°±¸µÄÕý³£ÔËÐУ¬ÊÇÖÁ¹ØÖ÷ÒªµÄ¡£ÏÂÃæ´Ó¶à¸ö½Ç¶ÈÆÊÎöÔõÑùÅжϳý³¾ÂË´üÊÇ·ñÐèÒªÌæ»»£¬ÏêϸҪÁì¿ÉÒÔ¹éÄÉΪÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺
Ò»¡¢³ý³¾ÂË´üµÄÊÂÇéÔÀí
Ê×ÏÈ£¬ÁËɨ³ý³¾ÂË´üµÄÊÂÇéÔÀíÓÐÖúÓÚÎÒÃǸüºÃµØÃ÷È·ËüΪºÎ»áÖð½¥Ê§Ð§¡£³ý³¾ÂË´üÊÇͨ¹ý¹ýÂË¿ÕÆøÖеĿÅÁ£ÎïÀ´¾»»¯ÆøÁ÷µÄ¡£¿ÕÆø¾ÓÉÂË´üʱ£¬·Û³¾±»ÂË´üÍâò»òÏËά²ã²¶»ñ£¬Çå½àµÄÆøÁ÷Ôòͨ¹ýÂË´ü½øÈëÅŷŹܵÀ¡£Ëæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒÆ£¬ÂË´üµÄÍâò»á»ýÀÛ´ó×ڵĻҳ¾£¬µ¼Ö¹ýÂËЧÂÊϽµ¡£
³ý³¾ÂË´üµÄʹÓÃÊÙÃüÊܵ½¶àÖÖÒòËØµÄÓ°Ï죬ÈçÊÂÇéÇéÐΡ¢»Ò³¾ÀàÐÍ¡¢¹ýÂËÆøÁ÷Á¿¡¢Î¶ȺÍʪ¶ÈµÈ¡£ÈôÊÇÕâЩÒòËØ×ª±ä¹ý´ó£¬ÂË´ü»áÌáǰË𻵡£
¶þ¡¢ÂË´üʧЧµÄÖ÷ÒªÔµ¹ÊÔÓÉ
ÂË´üµÄʧЧÖ÷ÒªÓÐÒÔϼ¸ÖÖÇéÐΣº
¹ýÂË×èÁ¦Ôö´ó£ºËæ×Å·Û³¾µÄ»ýÀÛ£¬ÂË´üÍâòµÄ×èÁ¦Öð½¥Ôö´ó£¬¿ÕÆøÁ÷ͨ±äµÃÄÑÌ⡣ΪÁ˼á³ÖÕý³£µÄÆøÁ÷ËÙÂÊ£¬ÐëÔöÌí·ç»úµÄ¹¦ÂÊ£¬ÔöÌíÄܺģ¬×îÖÕÓ°ÏìÕû¸ö³ý³¾ÏµÍ³µÄЧÂÊ¡£
ÂË´üÍâò½á¶»òÉÕ½¹£ºÔÚ¸ßλòÕßʪ¶È½Ï´óµÄÇéÐÎÏ£¬ÂË´üÍâò¿ÉÄ᷺ܻÆð½á¶»òÉÕ½¹Õ÷Ï󣬵¼ÖÂÂË´üµÄÎïÀíÐÔÄÜÊܵ½ÆÆËð£¬ÉõÖÁ±¬·¢ÆÆËé¡£
ÂË´üµÄ»úеËðÉË£º³ý³¾ÏµÍ³µÄÕ𾪡¢ÆøÁ÷¹¥»÷¡¢»Ò³¾µÄÄ¥ËðµÈÔµ¹ÊÔÓɶ¼¿ÉÄܵ¼ÖÂÂË´üµÄ»úеËðÉË£¬´Ó¶øÓ°ÏìÆäÕý³£ÊÂÇé¡£
»¯Ñ§ÇÖÊ´£ºÒ»Ð©º¬ÓÐËá¡¢¼î»òÓж¾»¯Ñ§ÎïÖʵķ۳¾»áÇÖÊ´ÂË´üµÄÍâòÖÊÁÏ£¬µ¼ÖÂÂË´üµÄÇ¿¶È½µµÍ£¬½ø¶øÓ°ÏìÆä¹ýÂËЧÂÊ¡£
Èý¡¢ÅжÏÂË´üÊÇ·ñÐèÒªÌæ»»µÄ³£¼ûÖ¸±ê
ΪÁËÈ·±£³ý³¾ÏµÍ³µÄÓÐÓÃÔËÐУ¬ÊµÊ±Ìæ»»ÒѾʧЧµÄÂË´üºÜÊÇÖ÷Òª¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇһЩÅжϳý³¾ÂË´üÊÇ·ñÐèÒªÌæ»»µÄ³£¼ûÒªÁìºÍÖ¸±ê¡£

1.¹ýÂË×èÁ¦Ôö´ó
¹ýÂË×èÁ¦Êdzý³¾×°±¸ÊÂÇéÖÐ×î³£¼ûµÄȨºâ±ê×¼¡£Ëæ×ÅÂË´üÍâò»Ò³¾µÄ»ýÀÛ£¬ÆøÁ÷ͨ¹ýÂË´üµÄ×èÁ¦»áÒ»Ö±Ôö´ó¡£³£¼ûµÄ·½·¨ÊÇͨ¹ýÕÉÁ¿ÂË´üǰºóѹÁ¦²î£¨¼´Ñ¹²î£©À´ÆÀ¹ÀÂË´üµÄʹÓÃÇéÐΡ£Ñ¹²î¹ý´ó˵Ã÷ÂË´üµÄ¹ýÂËÄÜÁ¦ÒѾÏÔ×ÅϽµ¡£
Õý³£Öµ£ºÔÚÒ»¸öÓÅÒìµÄÊÂÇé״̬Ï£¬³ý³¾×°±¸µÄѹ²îÓ¦¼á³ÖÔÚÒ»¸öÎȹ̵ĹæÄ£ÄÚ¡£
±¨¾¯Öµ£ºµ±ÂË´üµÄÍâò±»ÎÛȾÑÏÖØÊ±£¬Ñ¹²î»áÁè¼Ý×°±¸µÄÉè¼Æ±¨¾¯Öµ¡£ÈôÊÇѹ²îÒ»Á¬Ôö¸ß£¬ËµÃ÷ÂË´üÒѾÓÉÔØ£¬ÐèÒªÌæ»»¡£
2.ÅÅ·ÅŨ¶ÈÔöÌí
ÅÅ·ÅŨ¶ÈÊÇÖ¸ÆøÌåÖÐÎÛȾÎïµÄº¬Á¿¡£ÂË´üµÄ¹ýÂËЧÂÊËæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒÆ»áϽµ£¬µ¼ÖÂÅÅ·ÅŨ¶ÈÖð½¥ÔöÌí¡£ÈôÊÇÅÅ·ÅŨ¶ÈÁè¼Ý»·±£±ê×¼£¬Ôò¿ÉÄÜÊÇÂË´üË𻵻òʧЧµÄÐźš£
¼à²â·½·¨£º°´ÆÚ¼à²âÅÅ·ÅŨ¶È£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚ³ý³¾ÏµÍ³ÔËÐÐÒ»¶Îʱ¼äºó£¬ÈôÊÇ·¢Ã÷ÅÅ·ÅŨ¶ÈÏÔÖøÔöÌí£¬Ó¦¸Ã¶ÔÂË´ü¾ÙÐмì²é¡£
3.ÂË´üÍâòË𻵻ò±äÐÎ
ÂË´üµÄÍâòÈôÊÇ·ºÆðÏÔ×ŵÄËðÉË¡¢ÁÑÎÆ¡¢ñÞÖå»ò±äÐΣ¬ËµÃ÷Æä½á¹¹ÒѾ±¬·¢×ª±ä£¬²»¿ÉÓÐÓùýÂË·Û³¾£¬ÉõÖÁ¿ÉÄܵ¼Ö·۳¾×ß©¡£
¼ì²éÒªÁ죺°´ÆÚÍ£»ú¼ì²éÂË´üÍâòÊÇ·ñÓÐÆÆËð»òË𻵣¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚ×°±¸Í£»úºó£¬×ÐϸÉó²éÂË´üÍâòÊÇ·ñÓлý³¾²»Ò×ɨ³ý¡¢ÁÑÎÆ»ò±äÐεÈÎÊÌâ¡£
4.ÂË´üµÄÇå»ÒЧ¹û²î
³ý³¾×°±¸Í¨³£»áÉèÖÃ×Ô¶¯Çå»Ò×°Öã¬×ÊÖúÕûÀí»ý³¾¡£ÈôÊÇÇå»ÒЧ¹û²î£¬¿ÉÄÜÊÇÓÉÓÚÂË´üµÄ¿×϶±»¹£Èû£¬µ¼ÖÂÇå»Ò×°ÖÃÎÞ·¨ÓÐÓÃÊÂÇé¡£´ËʱÐèÒª¼ì²éÂË´üµÄ¹ýÂËÐÔÄÜ£¬¿´¿´ÊÇ·ñÒѾʧЧ¡£
¼ì²éÒªÁ죺¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý¼à¿ØÇå»Ò×°ÖõÄÔËÐÐ״̬À´ÅжÏÊÇ·ñÐèÒªÌæ»»ÂË´ü¡£ÈôÊÇÇå»ÒÖÜÆÚËõ¶ÌÇÒЧ¹û²»¼Ñ£¬Åú×¢ÂË´üÒѾʧЧ¡£
5.×°±¸ÔËÐÐÒì³£
×°±¸ÔËÐв»Îȹ̡¢Õð¾ªÇ¿ÁÒ£¬»òÕßÄܺĹý´ó£¬¿ÉÄÜÊÇÓÉÓÚÂË´üʧЧ»òËð»µÒýÆðµÄ¡£ÓÉÓÚÂË´üʧЧ£¬ÆøÁ÷µÄÁ÷¶¯Ä£Ê½¿ÉÄܱ¬·¢×ª±ä£¬µ¼ÖÂ×°±¸µÄÊÂÇéЧÂʽµµÍ¡£
¼ì²éÒªÁ죺°´ÆÚ¶Ô³ý³¾×°±¸¾ÙÐÐÖÜÈ«¼ì²é£¬°üÀ¨×°±¸Õ𾪡¢ÔëÒô¡¢·çÁ¿¡¢·çѹµÈ¶à¸ö·½Ãæ¡£ÈôÊÇ·¢Ã÷Òì³££¬ÐèҪʵʱ¼ì²éÂË´üÊÇ·ñÊǹÊÕϵÄȪԴ¡£
6.ÂË´üµÄʹÓÃÄêÏÞ
ÂË´ü¾ßÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄʹÓÃÊÙÃü£¬Í¨³£»áƾ֤ÖÊÁϵÄÄÍÓÃÐÔºÍÊÂÇéÇéÐεÄÌõ¼þÀ´È·¶¨¡£×ÝÈ»ÂË´üÍâòûÓÐÏÔ×ÅË𻵣¬Ëæ×ÅʹÓÃÄêÏÞµÄÔöÌí£¬Æä¹ýÂËЧÂÊÒ²»áϽµ¡£Òò´Ë£¬°´ÆÚÌæ»»ÂË´üÊÇÐëÒªµÄ¡£
ÖÊÁÏÊÙÃü£ºÆ¾Ö¤ÂË´üÖÊÁϵIJî±ð£¨ÈçµÓÂÚ¡¢¾Û±ûÏ©¡¢²£Á§ÏËάµÈ£©£¬ÆäʹÓÃÊÙÃü»áÓÐËù²î±ð¡£Í¨³£ÇéÐÎÏ£¬ÂË´üµÄʹÓÃÊÙÃüΪ2-5Ä꣬Áè¼ÝÕâ¸öÏÞÆÚ£¬Ó¦¸Ã˼Á¿Ìæ»»¡£
ËÄ¡¢ÂË´üÌæ»»µÄºÃµÄʱ»ú
ΪÁËÈ·±£³ý³¾ÏµÍ³µÄÕý³£ÔËÐУ¬ÔÚÒ»Ð©ÌØÊâµÄÊÂÇéÌõ¼þÏ£¬ÊµÊ±Ìæ»»ÂË´üÊǺÜÊÇÖ÷ÒªµÄ¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇһЩ½¨ÒéµÄÌæ»»Ê±»ú£º
°´ÆÚ¼ì²é£ºÆ¾Ö¤×°±¸Ê¹ÓÃÊֲỮ¶¨µÄά»¤ÖÜÆÚ£¬°´ÆÚ¼ì²éÂË´üµÄ״̬£¬²¢Æ¾Ö¤¼ì²éЧ¹û¾ÙÐÐÐëÒªµÄÌæ»»¡£
ѹ²î³¬±êʱ£ºµ±Ñ¹²îºã¾Ã´¦ÓÚ³¬±ê״̬ʱ£¬Òâζ×ÅÂË´üÒѾʧЧ£¬ÐèÒª¾¡ÔçÌæ»»¡£
Åŷűê×¼ÎÞ·¨µÖ´ïʱ£ºµ±ÅÅ·ÅŨ¶ÈÁè¼Ý»·±£Åŷűê׼ʱ£¬Ó¦¾¡¿ìÌæ»»ÂË´ü£¬±ÜÃâÎ¥·¨ÅÅ·Å¡£
»úеËðÉËʱ£ºÈôÊÇ·¢Ã÷ÂË´üÒò»úеËðÉ˶øÎÞ·¨ÐÞ¸´£¬Ó¦¸ÃÁ¬Ã¦Ìæ»»¡£
Çå»ÒЧ¹û²îʱ£ºµ±Çå»ÒЧ¹û²»²ÇÏ룬ÇÒÎÞ·¨Í¨¹ýµ÷½âÇå»Òϵͳ½â¾öʱ£¬ÂË´üµÄÌæ»»Ò²ÊÇÐëÒªµÄ¡£
Îå¡¢ÔõÑùÑÓÉì³ý³¾ÂË´üµÄʹÓÃÊÙÃü
ËäÈ»ÂË´ü²»¿É×èÖ¹µØ»áËæ×Åʱ¼äµÄÍÆÒÆ¶øÊ§Ð§£¬µ«Í¨¹ýÓÅÒìµÄÒ»Ñùƽ³£Î¬»¤ºÍ±£Ñø£¬Äܹ»ÑÓÉìÆäʹÓÃÊÙÃü£º
°´ÆÚÕûÀí£º°´ÆÚ¼ì²éÂË´üµÄÇå»Òϵͳ£¬°ü¹ÜÇå»ÒЧ¹û¡£
×èÖ¹¹ýÔØÔËÐУº×èÖ¹ÂË´ü³¤Ê±¼äÔÚ³¬¸ººÉµÄÌõ¼þÏÂÊÂÇ飬ºÏÀíÉèÖ÷çÁ¿ºÍ·çѹ£¬±ÜÃâÂË´ü±»Ì«¹ýÎÛȾ¡£
ʹÓúÏÊʵÄÂË´üÖÊÁÏ£ºÆ¾Ö¤ÊÂÇéÇéÐÎÑ¡ÔñºÏÊʵÄÂË´üÖÊÁÏ£¬ÒÔÌá¸ßÆäÄÍÓÃÐÔ¡£
×èÖ¹»¯Ñ§ÇÖÊ´£º×èÖ¹»¯Ñ§ÎïÖʶÔÂË´üÔì³ÉÇÖÊ´£¬°´ÆÚ¼ì²éϵͳÖеĻ¯Ñ§ÆøÌ庬Á¿¡£
°´ÆÚ¼ì²é£º°´ÆÚ¶ÔÂË´ü¾ÙÐÐÊÓ¾õ¼ì²éºÍÐÔÄܲâÊÔ£¬ÊµÊ±·¢Ã÷ÎÊÌâ²¢½ÓÄɲ½·¥¡£
Áù¡¢½áÓï
³ý³¾ÂË´üÊdzý³¾ÏµÍ³Öв»¿É»òȱµÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬ÆäÐÔÄÜÖ±½ÓÓ°Ïìµ½³ý³¾Ð§ÂʺÍÅŷűê×¼¡£ÎªÁ˰ü¹Ü×°±¸µÄÓÐÓÃÔËÐУ¬Ó¦Æ¾Ö¤ÉÏÊöÖ¸±ê°´ÆÚ¼ì²éÂË´üµÄ״̬£¬ÊµÊ±·¢Ã÷ÎÊÌâ²¢¾ÙÐÐÌæ»»¡£ÔÚÑ¡ÔñÂË´üʱ£¬ÒªÆ¾Ö¤ÏêϸµÄÊÂÇéÇéÐÎÑ¡ÔñºÏÊʵIJÄÖʺ͹æ¸ñ£¬Í¬Ê±Í¨¹ýÓÅÒìµÄά»¤ºÍ±£Ñø£¬ÑÓÉìÂË´üµÄʹÓÃÊÙÃü£¬È·±£³ý³¾ÏµÍ³Ê¼ÖÕ´¦ÓÚÔËÐÐ״̬¡£